念音	He was one of the greatest of the Greek heroes that participated in the siege of Troy.   To make him invulnerable in battle, his mother, Thetis, dipped him in the river Styx soon after he was born.   He certainly became a warrior of irresistible prowess.   But he was subject to violent fits of anger.   Once he quarreled with Agamemnon over the maiden Briseis, and sulked in his tent, refusing to fight.   On hearing of his dearest friend Patroclus' death, however, he rushed to the battlefield, seeking revenge.   There he slew Hector and dragged his body behind his chariot three times around the walls of Troy.   Later, he himself was killed by Paris, who shot him in the heel with a poisoned arrow.   The heel was his only vulnerable spot because it was the only part that did not touch the water of Styx, as his mother held him by the heel in dipping him. 　 [解说] 1. “He was one of the greatest of the Greek heroes that participated in the siege of Troy”：「他是参与围攻特洛伊城的最伟大的希腊英雄之一」。“participated in”= “took part in”(参与)。 注意：“hero”的复数是“heroes”，同样加“-es”为复数的名词还有 “echo(es),”“potato(es),”“tomato(es),”“torpedo(es),”“tornado(es)”等。 另注意：“siege”是「围攻」，“seize”是「攫取」。 2. “To make him invulnerable in battle”：「为了使他打仗时不会受伤」。句首之“To …”= “In order to …”(为了…)。“invulnerable”是「不会受伤的、无懈可击的」，此字来自“vulnerable”(会受伤的、有弱点的)。“in battle”为「在打仗时」。同样的，“in school”为「在就学时」。 3. “his mother, Thetis, dipped him in the river Styx”：「他的妈妈 Thetis 把他浸在 Styx 河里」。Thetis 是个女海神 (Nereid)。 Styx 是「冥河」，人浸其水，便刀枪不入。“dip”是「浸」，“tip”是「给小费」。 4. “soon after he was born”：「在他出生后马上」。“soon after…”是「… 之后马上」之惯用语。他例：“He died soon after they came”(他们来之后他马上过世)。 5. “He certainly became a warrior of irresistible prowess”：「他确实成为一个无法抗拒的英勇战士」。“warrior”是「战士」。“irresistible”是「无法抗拒的」，“prowess”是「英勇」。“a man of prowess”即「英勇的人」。 6. “But he was subject to violent fits of anger”：「但他容易爆发阵阵的坏脾气」。“be subject to…”是「易罹患、易受、会有…」，另例：“The schedule is subject to change”(此时程表会有变动)，“As a child I was subject to colds”(小时候我易受风寒)。“fit”是「一阵」发作，如“a fit of coughing”(一阵咳嗽)。“violent fits of anger”是「激烈的阵阵生气」。 7. “Once he quarreled with Agamemnon over the maiden Briseis”：「有一次他和Agamemnon 吵架，由于 Briseis 这位姑娘」。“quarrel with … over …”是「跟… 争吵由于…」。他例：“They began to quarrel over the money”(他们开始由于那笔钱而吵架)。 8. “and sulked in his tent, refusing to fight”：「而在帐篷里生闷气，同时拒绝去打仗」。“sulk”是「愠怒生闷气」。英文句子中“…, V-ing”这种接尾的分词构造句常是「同时…」之意。他例：”They all knelt down, beginning to pray”(他们都跪下来，同时开始祷告)。 9. “On hearing of his dearest friend Patroclus' death”：「一听到他最要好的朋友Patroclus 死去」。英文“On V-ing …”常是「一 …」之意，他例：“On seeing her mother, she burst out crying”(一看到母亲，她就大哭起来)。 注意：我们“hear”声音，但“hear of 或 about”事情。 10. “he rushed to the battlefield, seeking revenge”：「他冲到战场，(同时) 寻求报复」。 11. “There he slew Hector and dragged his body behind his chariot three times around the walls of Troy”：「在那里他杀死 Hector 而把他的尸体放在战车后拉着绕 Troy  城三圈」。 “slay”(杀) 是比“kill”更文雅的用字, 其三态为  slay, slew, slain。 “drag… behind…”是「拉… 在….之后」。“body”指「身体」，但也常指「尸体」。 “chariot”是古代人战争时所驾之马车。“three times around…”是「绕 … 三 遍」。 12. “Later, he himself was killed by Paris”：「后来，他自己被 Paris 杀死」。 13. “, who shot him in the heel with a poisoned arrow”：「他用毒箭射到他的脚跟」。“, who”的先行词是 Paris，故指 Paris 射伤 Achilles。 注意：“shoot … in the …”是指「射某人之某部位」，如“We only wish to    shoot him in the leg”(我们只想射他的腿)。 这比“We only wish to shoot his    leg”更是地道的英文。 14. “The heel was his only vulnerable spot”：「脚跟是他唯一的弱点」。“vulnerable spot”就是「会受伤的地点」。 15. “because it was the only part that did not touch the water of Styx”：「因为那是唯一没有碰到 Styx 河水的部分」。 16. “as his mother held him by the heel in dipping him”：「因为在浸水时他母亲抓住他的脚跟」。“as …”有「因为」之意。“hold …  by the …”是「抓 … 在某部位」之惯用语，他例：“He held me by the arm”(他抓着我的手臂)，“He grabbed her by the hand”(他抓着她的手)。“in dipping him”为「在浸他时」。 17. 本长段说了许多Achilles 的事迹。他很英勇，但易发脾气。他对朋友有义，对女人痴情。他身上几乎无懈可击，但却仍有致命的要害。他真是令人难忘的英雄。 　 [复习填充] Achilles was  of the greatest of the Greek heroes that p  in the s  of Troy.  To make him i  in battle, his mother, Thetis, dipped him in the river Styx s  after he was born. He certainly became a warrior of irresistible p .  But he was s  to violent f  of anger. Once he quarreled  Agamemnon  the maiden Briseis, and s  in his tent, refusing to fight.  On hearing  his dearest friend Patroclus' death, however, he rushed to the battlefield, s  revenge.  There he s  Hector and dragged his body behind his c  three times  the walls of Troy.  Later, he himself was killed by Paris, who shot him  the heel  a poisoned arrow.  The heel was his o  part that did not touch the water of Styx,  his mother held him  the heel  dipping him.
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